Dudleya (Summer Type) ✨

📊 Botanical Profile

• Key Trait: Forms tight, often monocarpic rosettes. Many species are covered in a beautiful, protective white farina—avoid touching to preserve it.

• Habitat: Adapted to extremely well-draining, mineral-based soils on rocky outcrops, often in coastal environments.

• Note: A slow-growing genus. Handle with care to avoid damaging the farina or roots, which are sensitive to disturbance.

☀️ Light & Temperature

• Ideal Light (Indoor): PPFD 150–400 (≈ 12–35k lux).

• Ideal Light (Acclimated Outdoor): PPFD 400–800 (≈ 30–70k lux).

• Etiolation Risk: PPFD < 120 for over 2 weeks.

• Sunburn Risk: PPFD > 700 for unacclimated plants, especially in still air.

• Optimal Range: 15–28°C for best growth.

• Tolerance: Can briefly tolerate lows near 0–5°C if perfectly dry. Maximum heat tolerance is 35–38°C only with strong, cooling airflow.

• Summer Dormancy: Growth slows significantly above 30°C. Provide bright light, shade from hottest sun, and maximum airflow.

💧 Watering & Substrate

• Golden Rule: Infrequent & Deep. Water thoroughly only when the substrate is 100% bone-dry. Verify with a weight check or dry skewer. Extremely sensitive to overwatering.

• Soil Mix: Requires ultra-fast drainage. Use 80–90% inorganic grit (pumice, perlite, scoria) with 2–6 mm particle size. pH 6.0–7.2.

• Potting: Unglazed terracotta pots are ideal. Ensure very large drainage holes. Use a deepish pot for taproot species. A top-dressing of gravel keeps the stem dry.

🌿 Fertilization & Growth Rhythm

• Feeding: Very light. Use a ¼-strength, low-nitrogen or balanced fertilizer only during active growth in spring and fall. Never feed in summer or winter.

• Growth Cycle: Grows in cool seasons (spring/fall), dormant in summer heat and winter cold. Drastically reduce watering during dormancy.

• Maintenance: Flush the substrate 1-2 times per year to prevent harmful salt buildup.

✂️ Propagation

• Seeds (Primary Method): Surface-sow onto sterile, mineral-based mix. Requires patience and consistent, cool temperatures (15–20°C).

• Offsets: Some species produce pups. Detach cleanly, let cuts callus for at least a week, and plant shallowly in dry mix. Wait weeks before watering.

• Leaf Cuttings: Generally not successful. Stem cuttings are high-risk and not recommended for beginners.

⚠️ Troubleshooting

• 🎨 Faded Color, Lost Farina → Increase light gradually. Farina protects from sun but develops best with strong light.

• 📏 Leggy, Stretched Rosette → Needs more light urgently. Provide brighter conditions immediately.

• 💦 Soft, Translucent, Dropping Leaves → Fatal overwatering. Stop all water. Unpot, inspect roots, cut rot, and replant in dry gritty mix.

• ⚫ Black/Red Collapse at Crown → Crown rot. Often fatal. Attempt rescue by cutting above rot, dusting with sulfur, drying for 10+ days, and re-rooting.

• 🌸 No Flowering → Requires maturity, a tight root zone, and a pronounced seasonal cool/dry period to trigger blooms.

• 🔥 Brown Scorched Patches → Sunburn on unacclimated plants or where farina was rubbed off. Provide shade and handle carefully.

• 🥬 Pale, Weak Growth → Could be overwatering or need for minimal feeding during active growth only.

Pro Tip: Neglect is kindness. Perfect drainage, bright light, and infrequent water are key. Preserve the farina for their iconic, ghostly beauty. 👻